Adams Needle
Scientific Name: Yucca
Other Names: Adam's Needle, Bear Grass, Dagger Plant, Joshua Tree, Mohave Yucca, Our-Lord's-Candle, Soapweed, Spanish Bayonet, Yucca species
Should I take it?
Yucca that is used in medicine generally comes from the leaves and flower stalks of over 30 species of related shrubs or small trees that grow primarily in desert areas of the American southwest and other dry areas of North America. Some yucca species, however, have adapted for cooler, wetter climates such as those in the central plains states. The large, fleshy, sword-shaped leaves of most yuccas stay green all year and their clusters of white or yellow-green flowers bloom on tall central spikes. Some species of yucca have flowers that smell stronger at night so they attract a specific kind of moth that pollinates the plants. Yuccas all contain chemicals called saponins that give them a bitter taste and a soapy feel. Because saponins are toxic to many small animals and insects, yucca plants are not usually attacked by garden pests. In general, the roots contain more saponins than the leaves and stalks do, so yucca roots are not used as much for medicine.
Native Americans used yucca stems for fibers to make baskets, clothing, or mats; its roots for soap; its fruits for juice; and its leaves, flowers, fruits, and seedpods for food. Cooking yucca breaks down the saponins in it, so food sources of yucca may not offer the medicinal advantages thought to be associated with it. The roots of some types of yucca are used to make dyes. Yucca extract is FDA-approved to be used as a foaming agent in foods such as beer and soft drinks. It is also used as an additive in flavorings, foods, pet foods, shampoo, and soap.
Dosage and Administration
Note: Uninterrupted oral use of yucca is not recommended for periods longer than 3 months at a time, due to the chance that fat-soluble vitamins may be depleted because saponins inactivate fats in the gastrointestinal system.
As a dietary supplement, yucca is available as capsules, tablets, or liquid to take by mouth. Doses for commercially available oral forms, which usually come in strengths between 380 mg and 490 mg, are generally taken twice a day and based on body weight. For a tea, 7 mg to 8 mg (about a quarter of an ounce) of dried yucca roots or stalks can be boiled in 16 ounces of water for about 15 minutes. After the resulting liquid is strained to remove solid particles, it may be consumed as a tea--usually divided into three cups or four cups.
Yucca is also available in liquids, gels, or creams to apply topically as needed. Cooled yucca tea may be used as a wash, and fresh yucca roots may be boiled until soft and then mixed with petroleum jelly for an ointment.
Summary
Today, oral yucca is thought to have some mild effectiveness in preventing and treating heart conditions and high cholesterol levels. Some unconfirmed evidence suggests it may help relieve the symptoms of arthritis. It may also provide antioxidant benefits in several different conditions. Topical forms of yucca can help relieve inflammation and minor skin irritation.
Risks
No major risks have been associated with the oral or topical use of yucca. The saponins in it can dissolve red blood cells, however, if it is injected into the blood.
Side Effects
The main side effects reported from oral yucca are stomach upset and irritation of mucous membranes. Applied to broken or severely irritated skin, topical yucca may worsen irritation.
Interactions
No interactions have been reported between yucca and prescription drugs, non-prescription drugs, other herbal products, or foods.
Last Revised August 8, 2006
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Should I take it? 
